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Maths years 1–4: free practice, theory and problems
Every number is built from the digits 0–9. Where a digit stands decides how much it is worth.
Contents
- Numbers and place value
- Addition and subtraction
- Times tables
- Division
- Time and money
- Shapes and patterns
1. Numbers and place value
What is it about?
Every number is built from the digits 0–9. Where a digit stands decides how much it is worth.
Key points
- Ones are furthest to the right, then tens and hundreds.
- In 347 there are 3 hundreds, 4 tens and 7 ones: .
- On the number line numbers get bigger the further right you go.
- The signs and mean "less than" and "greater than". The open side faces the bigger number: .
Example
Which is bigger, 58 or 85? Look at the tens first: 8 tens is more than 5 tens, so .
2. Addition and subtraction
What is it about?
Plus () means putting together. Minus () means taking away – or finding how much is missing.
Key points
- Number bonds to 10 are pairs that make 10: 1 and 9, 2 and 8, 3 and 7, 4 and 6, 5 and 5.
- Bridging ten: – take 2 to reach 10, then 3 are left: .
- Big numbers: add the tens and the ones separately. .
- Check minus with plus: because .
Example
Ola has 15 marbles and gives away 6. . He has 9 left.
3. Times tables
What is it about?
Multiplying is a quick way to add equal numbers. means "3 groups of 4": .
Key points
- and are the same. The order does not matter.
- The 2 times table is doubling. The 10 times table: put a 0 after the number ().
- The 5 times table always ends in 0 or 5.
- The 9 times table: is . .
- Anything times 0 is 0. Anything times 1 stays the same.
Example
There are 5 bags with 6 apples. apples.
4. Division
What is it about?
Division is sharing equally. means "share 12 into 3 equal groups" – each gets 4.
Key points
- Division is the opposite of multiplication: because .
- When it does not divide evenly, there is a remainder: remainder 1.
- Dividing by 1 changes nothing. A number divided by itself is 1.
- You cannot divide by 0.
Example
20 biscuits are shared between 5 children. , so each child gets 4 biscuits.
5. Time and money
What is it about?
We use clocks and money every day. Both are about counting in jumps.
Key points
- An hour has 60 minutes. A day has 24 hours.
- Half past two is 2:30. Quarter past is 15 minutes past, quarter to is 15 minutes before.
- Digital clock: 14:20 is twenty past two in the afternoon.
- Norwegian money: kroner. Coins 1, 5, 10 and 20 kr, notes 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 kr.
- Change: what you get back = what you pay the price.
Example
You buy an ice cream for 27 kr and pay with 50 kr. kr back.
6. Shapes and patterns
What is it about?
There are shapes all around us: triangles, squares and circles. And everywhere there are patterns that repeat.
Key points
- A triangle has 3 sides and 3 corners. A quadrilateral has 4. A pentagon has 5.
- A square is a quadrilateral where all sides are equally long.
- A circle has no corners.
- The perimeter is the distance around a shape – add up all the sides.
- In a number pattern find the rule: grows by 3 each time, so the next is 14.
Example
A square has sides of 4 cm. The perimeter is cm.
Example problems with solutions
Here are some of the problems in maths years 1–4. In the app, calculation problems get new numbers every time, so you can practise until it sticks – and take a graded practice exam before the real one.
Numbers and place value: How many tens are there in 63?
Answer: 6
In 63, the 6 is in the tens place and the 3 in the ones place. That is 6 tens.
Addition and subtraction: Which number makes 10 with 3?
Answer: 7
, so 7 is the number bond of 3.
Times tables: What does mean?
Answer: 4 groups of 3
.
Division: What is ?
Answer: 5
, so .